Important Islamic Jurisprudence Terminology
Fard – Obligatory:
An act commanded by Allah in the Holy Qur’an is known as Fard. The following explains a Fard in detail:
a. An act that is obligatory to be executed
b. It has been proven by rigorously authenticated texts
c. The denial of any Fard renders one to come out of the folds of Islam.
d. If one omits to perform any Fard without any valid shari’i reason, then such a person becomes a fasiq (transgressor) and the person is regarded as a major sinner. [Fatawa Ridawiyyah – Vol. 2, Page 194]
Wajib – Necessary:
An act that is almost as compulsory as a Fard. The Messenger of Allah SallAllaho Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam never omitted it. It is a graded second, below a Fard in its necessity.
a. An act that is compulsory to do.
b. It is proven by religious arguments through ijtihad.
c. One who denies a Wajib is misguided.
d. If one omits a Wajib without any valid shari’i reason, then he is a transgressor and liable for the punishment of Hell.
e. To miss a Wajib once (deliberately, without any valid reason) is a minor sin (Gunah-e-Saghira). However, persistently omitting a Wajib shall turn it into a major sin (Gunah-e-Kabira).
Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah:
“Sunnat” generally means: an act done or liked by the Messenger of Allah SallAllaho Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam in relation to worship. One shall gain a reward for performing a Sunnah, but there is no sin if one omits it. However, to continually omit it is a sin, and if one shows dissatisfaction with a Sunnah, then this is kufr (disbelief).
a. Sunnat-e-Mu’akkada is an act necessary to perform.
b. An act that was always performed by the Messenger of Allah SallAllaho Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam, but occasionally omitted so as to differentiate from something that is Wajib.
c. One gains the displeasure of Allah Most High and His Beloved Prophet SallAllaho Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam if a Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah is omitted even if it is occasionally. Thus, making it a habit to omit a Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah is an act of earning even more displeasure of Allah and His Beloved and inevitably, one becomes liable for punishment.
d. The status of a Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah is near a Wajib.
e. Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah is sometimes known as Sunnat-e-Huda.
Gheebat Aur Bad Kalami
If Allah Wants To Do Good To Somebody, He Afflicts Him With Trials
[Sahih Bukhari: Volume 7, Book 70, Number 548]
Narrated Abu Huraira (Radi Allah Anhu): Allah’s Apostle (sal-allahu- alleihi-wasallam ) said, “If Allah wants to do good to somebody, He afflicts him with trials.
[Sahih Bukhari: Volume 7, Book 70, Number 545]
Narrated Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri and Abu Huraira (Radi Allah Anhu): The Prophet Muhammad (sal-allahu- alleihi-wasallam ) said, “No fatigue, nor disease, nor sorrow, nor sadness, nor hurt, nor distress befalls a Muslim, even if it were the prick he receives from a thorn, but that Allah expiates some of his sins for that.”
[Sahih Bukhari: Volume 7, Book 70, Number 547]
Narrated by Abu Huraira (Radi Allah Anhu): Allah’s Apostle (sal-allahu- alleihi-wasallam ) said, “The example of a believer is that of a fresh tender plant; from whatever direction the wind comes, it bends it, but when the wind becomes quiet, it becomes straight again. Similarly, a believer is afflicted with calamities (but he remains patient till Allah removes his difficulties. ) And an impious wicked person is like a pine tree which keeps hard and straight till Allah cuts (breaks) it down when He wishes.”
Eid Ka Bayan, Namaz e Eid ka Tariqa, Qurbani Ka Tariqa, Takbeer Tashreeq
Allah Guides Whom He Likes To The Straight Path
[002.142] The fools (pagans, hypocrites, and Jews) among the people will say: “What has turned them (Muslims) from their Qiblah [prayer direction (towards Jerusalem)] to which they used to face in prayer.” Say (O Muhammad [sal-Allâhu ‘alayhi wa sallam]): “To Allâh belong both, the east and the west. He guides whom He wills to a Straight Way.”
The Prophet (PBUH) has said:
[Bukhari, Book #8, Hadith #392] “Narrated Bara’ bin ‘Azib: Allah’s Apostle prayed facing Baitul-Maqdis for sixteen or seventeen months but he loved to face the Ka’ba (at Mecca) so Allah revealed: “Verily, We have seen the turning of your face to the heaven!” (2:144) So the Prophet faced the Ka’ba and the fools amongst the people namely “the Jews,” said, “What has turned them from their Qibla (Bait-ul-Maqdis) which they formerly observed” (Allah revealed): “Say: ‘To Allah belongs the East and the West. He guides whom he will to a straight path.” (2:142) A man prayed with the Prophet (facing the Ka’ba) and went out. He saw some of the Ansar praying the ‘Asr’ prayer with their faces towards Bait-ul-Maqdis, he said, “I bear witness that I prayed with Allah’s Apostle facing the Ka’ba.” So all the people turned their faces towards the Ka’ba.”
[Muslim, Book #004, Hadith #1694] “’Abd al-Rahman b. ‘Auf reported: I asked ‘A’isha, the mother of the believers, (to tell me) the words with which the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) commenced the prayer when he got up at night. She said: When he got up at night he would commence his prayer with these words: O Allah, Lord of Gabriel, and Michael, and Israfil, the Creator of the heavens and the earth, Who knowest the unseen and the seen; Thou decidest amongst Thy servants concerning their differences. Guide me with Thy permission in the divergent views (which the people) hold about Truth, for it is Thou Who guidest whom Thou wilt to the Straight Path.”
[Sunan Abu Dawud, Book #11, Hadith #2113] “Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas’ud: The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) taught us the address in case of some need: Praise be to Allah from Whom we ask help and pardon, and in Whom we take refuge from the evils within ourselves. He whom Allah guides has no one who can lead him astray, and he whom He leads astray has no one to guide him. I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Apostle. “You who believe,…fear Allah by Whom you ask your mutual rights, and reverence the wombs. Allah has been watching you.” …”you who believe, fear Allah as He should be feared, and die only as Muslims” ….”you who believe, fear Allah as He should be feared, and die only as Muslims”…..” you who believe, fear Allah and say what is true. He will make your deeds sound, and forgive your sins. He who obeys Allah and His Apostle have achieved a mighty success.” The narrator, Muhammad ibn Sulayman, did mention the word “inna” (verily).”
Haqooq Ul Ibad
Sacrificing Animals – In Light of Sacred Traditions of the Beloved SallAllaho Alaihi wa Sallam
All Praises is due to Almighty Allah SubHanuhu wa Ta’ala, Peace and Blessings be upon the most perfect of creations, His Beloved Habeeb, Sayyiduna Rasoolullah SallAllaho Alaihi wa Sallam his noble Family and the illustrious Sahaba Ridwanullahi Ta’ala Alaihim Ajma’een and all the pious servants of Almighty Allah SubHanuhu wa Ta’ala.
SACRIFICING ANIMALS
I. Hadrat Zaid ibn Arqam Radi Allahu Ta’ala Anhu reported that the companions of the Messenger of Allah SallAllaho Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam asked:
“O Messenger of Allah! What is this sacrifice?” He said, “It is the practice of your father Abraham.” They asked, “What is the reward for us in it?” He said, “For every hair, you will be rewarded.” They asked, “for the wool, O Messenger of Allah?” He said, “For every strand of wool you will be rewarded.” [Sunan Ibn Majah, Vol. 1, Page 226, Hadith 3247]
II. Hadrat ‘Ayesha Radi Allahu Ta’ala Anha reported that the Messenger of Allah SallAllaho Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam has said,
“On the day of sacrifice no one does a deed more pleasing to Allah than the shedding of blood. The sacrifice will come on the Day of Resurrection with its horns, its hairs and its hooves; and the blood finds acceptance with Allah before it falls on the ground.” [Sunan Tirmidhi, Vol. 1, Page 275, Hadith 1572]
III. Hadrat Hanash Radi Allahu Ta’ala Anhu reported:
I saw Hadrat ‘Ali sacrificing two rams. I asked him: “what is this?” He said, “The Messenger of Allah had enjoined me to sacrifice on his behalf; so I am sacrificing on his behalf.” [Mishkat, Page 128, Hadith 1642]
IV. Hadrat Abu Hurairah Radi Allahu Ta’ala Anhu reported that the Messenger of Allah SallAllaho Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam has said,
“Such a person who had the ability and means to sacrifice an animal, but (despite this) he did not do so; should never come near our Eidgah (place where the Eid prayers are performed).” [Musnad Ahmad, Vol. 18, Page 27, Hadith 8496]
V. Hadrat Umm-e-Salmah Radi Allahu Ta’ala Anha reported that the Messenger of Allah SallAllaho Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam has said,
“when you see the new moon of Dhul Hijjah and one of you intends to make sacrifice, he must not shave his hair, trim it, or clip his nails.” [Sahih Muslim, Vol. 2, Page 160, Hadith 5234]
Namaaz Mutarjam
Allah Answers the Prayer of the Suppliant
Call upon Me, I will answer you; surely those who are too proud for My service shall soon enter hell abased.
Allah Answers the Prayer of the Suppliant
[Sahih Muslim : Book 35, Book Name Kitab Al-Dhikr Number 6593]
Narrated Abu Huraira (Radi Allah Anhu): Allah’s Apostle (sal-allahu-alleihi-wasallam) said:
“The supplication of every one of you is granted if he does not grow impatient and says: I supplicated but it was not granted.”
![[Sahih Muslim : Book 35, Book Name Kitab Al-Dhikr Number 6593]](https://www.imanislam.com/images/dua/sahih-muslim_hadith2401.gif)
[Sahih Muslim : Book 35, Book Name Kitab Al-Dhikr, Number 6594]
Narrated Abu Huraira (Radi Allah Anhu): Allah’s Apostle (sal-allahu-alleihi-wasallam) as saying:
“The supplication of one of you is granted if he does not grow impatient and say- I supplicated my Lord but it was not granted.”
![[Sahih Muslim : Book 35, Book Name Kitab Al-Dhikr, Number 6594]](https://www.imanislam.com/images/dua/sahih-muslim-hadith2402.gif)
[Sahih Muslim : Book 35, Book Name Kitab Al-Dhikr, Number 6595]
Narrated Abu Huraira (Radi Allah Anhu): Allah’s Apostle (sal-allahu-alleihi-wasallam) as saying:
“The supplication of the servant is granted in case he does not supplicate for sin or for severing the ties of blood, or he does not become impatient. It was said: Allah’s Messenger, what does:” If he does not grow impatient” imply? He said: That he should say like this: I supplicated and I supplicated but I did not find it being responded. and theu he becomes frustrated and abandons supplication.”
![[Sahih Muslim : Book 35, Book Name Kitab Al-Dhikr, Number 6595]](https://www.imanislam.com/images/dua/sahih-muslim-hadith2403.gif)
Our Lord! and grant us what Thou hast promised us by Thy apostles; and disgrace us not on the day of resurrection; surely Thou dost not fail to perform the promise.
